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Silver (Ag) is the second element in Group IB of the periodic table. It has an atomic number of 47, an atomic weight of 107.87, and valences of 1 and 2. The average abundance of Ag in the earth’s crust is 0.08 ppm; in soils it is <0.01 to 0.5 ppm; in streams it is 0.3 μg/L; in U.S. drinking waters it is 0.23 μg/L, and in groundwater it is <0.1 μg/L. Silver occurs in its native state and in combination with many nonmetallic elements such as argentite (Ag2S) and horn silver (AgCl). Lead and copper ores also may yield considerable silver. Silver is widely used in photography, silverware, jewelry, mirrors, and batteries. Silver iodide has been used in the seeding of clouds, and silver oxide to a limited extent is used as a disinfectant for water...