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เอกสารมาตรฐาน
สหรัฐอเมริกา
APHA
SMWW 3500-Ni
Nickel
2023
1
Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater (543.3 APHA 24th ed. Ref. Treatises&monographs FL2)
Nickel (Ni) is the third element in Group VIII in the periodic table. It has an atomic number of 28, an atomic weight of 58.69, and a common valence of 2 and less commonly 1, 3, or 4. The average abundance of Ni in the earth’s crust is 1.2 ppm; in soils it is 2.5 ppm; in streams it is 1 μg/L, and in groundwaters it is <0.1 mg/L. Nickel is obtained chiefly from pyrrhotite and garnierite. Nickel is used in alloys, magnets, protective coatings, catalysts, and batteries...