สิ่งแวดล้อม มลภาวะ ของเสีย
เอกสารมาตรฐาน
สหรัฐอเมริกา
APHA
SMWW 4500-I−
Iodide
2023
5
Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater (543.3 APHA 24th ed. Ref. Treatises&monographs FL2)
Iodide is found in natural waters at concentrations ranging from 40 μg/L in coastal surface seawater to < 1 μg/L in deep ocean water and fresh water. Higher concentrations may be found in brines, certain industrial wastes, and waters treated with iodine. Iodide is thermodynamically unstable relative to iodate in oxygenated waters.