สิ่งแวดล้อม มลภาวะ ของเสีย
เอกสารมาตรฐาน
สหรัฐอเมริกา
APHA
SMWW 9270
Leptospira
2023
4
Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater (543.3 APHA 24th ed. Ref. Treatises&monographs FL2)
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of worldwide distribution and importance. The chief hosts of leptospires in wildlife include deer, foxes, raccoons, skunks, opossums, muskrats, mongooses, and rodents. Domestic animals harboring leptospires include horses, cattle, goats, pigs, and sheep. Dogs may become infected and develop illness, although infections in cats are extremely rare. Humans are considered incidental hosts and can develop illness that ranges from mild, self-limiting symptoms to multi-organ failure in severe cases...