In North America, "cookie" is a product similar to what is internationally known as "biscuit." Cookie quality is determined (in two sugar-snap cookies) by width (W) and thickness (T), with adjustments to constant atmospheric pressure and conditions. The formulation uses 40 g of flour, in a small pin mixer, and a variable amount of water added to dough. Nonfat dried milk is used to aid in developing brown color. This method predicts the general quality of soft wheat flour for production of contemporary cookie and pastry products (except cake and crackers). High quality of pastry flours is usually associated with larger sugar-snap cookie diameter. The method is also useful to evaluate other flour types, various flour treatments, and other factors, such as ingredients, that affect cookie geometry.